grep can be used to filter elements in a list that meet a certain condition. It's probably the closest equivalent to Python's filter function.
#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;
my @l = (
'foo bar baz',
'one two three',
'123 456 789 0',
'ding dong',
'twenty-two: 42'
);
#
# Use a regular expression to filter the
# elements that have at least a numerical
# character:
#
my @grepped = grep {$_ =~ /\d/} @l;
print join "\n", @grepped;
#
# 123 456 789 0
# twenty-two: 42