Notation
fd> fileName
cmd fd> fileName
creates a file with name fileName
and redirects file descriptor fd (which is a number) to this file.
If the file exists, it will be deleted before it is created again.
If fd is not given, it defaults to 1
.
There must be no space between fd and the >
. Spaces between >
and fileName
are possible.
fd>> fileName
cmd fd>> fileName
appends file descriptor to the file with name fileName
If the file didn't exist, it is created.
If fd is not given, it defaults to 1
.
fdA>&fdB
fdA>&fdB
redirects file descriptor fdA to file descriptor fdB.
If fdA is omitted, it defaults to 1
.
There must be no spaces between fdA, >
and fdB.
Three angle brackets / here string
Three consecutive angle brackets (
<<<
) followed by a
word is a so called
here string (which is a bit similar to a
here document).
word is expanded and fed to the command on standard input.
The following example calculates an arithmetic expression:
bc <<< "7.3 * 8.2"