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ORA-01438: value larger than specified precision allowed for this column

The Oracle error ORA-01438: value larger than specified precision allowed for this column is thrown when trying to insert a numerical value whose value is too large for the specified size in a table definition, see Inserting values that are too large for the column definition.

create table tq84_ora_01438_test (
    col_1   number(2) not null,
    col_2   number(2) not null,
    col_3   number(2) not null,
    col_4   number(2) not null,
    col_5   number(2) not null
);
insert into tq84_ora_01438_test values(1, 12, 123, 12, 1);
--
-- ORA-01438: value larger than specified precision allows for this column

Oracle 23ai

In 23ai, Oracle seems to be finally able to report a somewhat more meaningful error message:

insert into tq84_ora_01438_test values(1, 12, 123, 12, 1);
--
-- SQL Error: ORA-01438: value 123 greater than specified precision (2, 0) for column

CAST

This error is also thrown when explicitely casting a value like so:

select cast(123 as number(2)) from dual;

ORA-01438: value larger than specified precision allowed for this column

Oracle 23ai

CAST

See also