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%SystemDrive%\$Recycle.Bin

Each (NTFS?) drive has a hidden and protected folder with the name $Recycle.bin into which «deleted» files and directories are moved
%SystemDrive%\$Recycle.Bin contains subfolders whose names correspond to the SIDs of the users who deleted the files.

Accessing the recycle bin in PowerShell

The recycle bin can be accessed in PowerShell via the COM class(?) shell.application.
$shell      =  new-object -comObject shell.application
$recycleBin = $shell.namespace(10)

$recycleBin.items()

Empty the recycle bin from a PowerShell session

#
#    https://stackoverflow.com/a/41195176
#


add-type shell32 @'

    [DllImport("shell32.dll")]

    public static extern int SHEmptyRecycleBin(
        IntPtr hwnd,
        string pszRootPath,
        int    dwFlags
    );

'@ -Namespace System

$SHERB_NOCONFIRMATION = 0x1
$SHERB_NOPROGRESSUI   = 0x2
$SHERB_NOSOUND        = 0x4

$dwFlags              = $SHERB_NOCONFIRMATION

$res = [shell32]::SHEmptyRecycleBin([IntPtr]::Zero, $null, $dwFlags)

if ($res) { "Error 0x{0:x8}: {1}" -f $res,`
    (new-object ComponentModel.Win32Exception($res)).Message
}
exit $res
Github repository scripts-and-utilities, path: /empty-recycleBin.ps1
See also shell32.dll.
In Windows 10, there is also the cmdlet clear-recycleBin.

See also

HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\VolumeCaches\Recycle Bin

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