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CRT

The source code for the CRT is included with Visual Studio (under the directory %VSxxxCOMNTOOLS%\MSVC\%VCToolsVersion%\crt\src).

ucrtbase.dll

ucrtbase.dll seems to be the universal CRT library that came with Visual Studio 2015 and later.
Visual Studio 2013 apparently had version-specfiic CRT libraries with different data structures, heap managers, memory allocators etc. and naming conventions etc. Thus, if a CRT (especially: memory) structure was passed from a source code unit that was built with one specific CRT version to a source code unit that was built with another, the application was likely to crash.

See also

The /Zl compiler option that prevents including the name of the default CRT library into object files.
ucrtbase.dll

Links

Mārtiņš Možeiko's Guide to avoid C/C++ runtime on Windows

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